“Before moving to the city in search of work, Lisa lived in a quiet, small town. She frequently took long walks, ate fresh fruits and vegetables daily, and the air was clean and fresh. Since she moved to the city, Lisa has been finding it difficult to adjust. There is a constant barrage of noise, the air is terribly polluted, and the sidewalks are so crowded that she can barely take a walk. She’s found that she’s been a bit unhappy since she moved.”
In the conversation surrounding mental health, much emphasis is placed on individual factors such as genetics, upbringing, and personal experiences. As a result, the relationship between the environment and mental health is often overlooked. But, environmental factors such as noise pollution, overcrowding, and access to green spaces can greatly impact our mental health. 
Air Pollution
The quality of the air we breathe can have a profound impact on our mental health. Research has linked exposure to air pollution, particularly fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), to an increased risk of anxiety, depression, and other psychiatric disorders. Studies have shown that living in areas with high levels of air pollution is associated with higher rates of hospital admissions for mental health issues and increased use of psychiatric medications.
Noise Pollution
Similarly, chronic exposure to traffic sounds, industrial activity, generator sounds, and other forms of noise pollution can trigger stress responses in the body and disrupt sleep patterns, leading to irritated mood, anxiety, and reduced cognitive function. Constant noise pollution can also worsen existing mental health conditions and contribute to feelings of helplessness.
Access to Nature
The sights, sounds, and smells of natural environments can stimulate a sense of calm and relaxation, reducing the pressures of urban life. Access to green spaces such as parks, forests, and gardens has been shown to have a positive impact on mental health. Spending time in nature has been associated with reduced stress levels, improved mood, and enhanced cognitive function. Engaging in outdoor activities such as walking, hiking, or gardening also help in maintaining good mental health.
Socio-economic instability
In addition to the physical aspects of the environment, social and economic factors also play a significant role in shaping mental health outcomes. Research has shown that access to quality education, good employment opportunities, strong social support networks, and affordable housing are all crucial determinants of mental well-being. On the contrary, individuals living in socio-economically disadvantaged neighbourhoods often experience higher rates of mental health problems due to a greater exposure to environmental stressors such as crime, pollution, and inadequate infrastructure.
Conclusion
It is important to consider how your environment may affect your mental health. If you live in a crowded, urban area like Lagos, you can take steps to reduce the impact of the environment. Try to spend some time in nature, and when possible, take steps to reduce your exposure to noise and air pollution. By addressing these environmental factors, we can create healthier environments that promote mental well-being for all.
